Catégorie : PE in english Page 1 of 11

Une sélection d’articles traduits en anglais, et en accès libre

The Gulf Economies and the Energy Transition: The Dawn of a Post-Oil Era?

This article is the English version of Hugo Le Picard,
« Les économies du Golfe et la transition énergétique. Vers une ère post-pétrolière ? », published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 85, Issue 1, 2020.

Photographie d'arrière-plan par Jirayu Koontholjinda (Unsplash) représentant la baie de Doha au Qatar couverte d'un film gris de pollution. Au premier plan, couverture de PE 1/2020.

In the Middle East, the issue of energy and climate change is characterized by superlatives. Home to the world’s major oil and gas reserves, the region produces a third of the oil consumed worldwide, although it faces increased competition, particularly from North American producers. It comprises states such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Qatar, which have some of the highest CO2 emissions per capita in the world. Their energy consumption continues to increase, supported by some of the highest fossil fuel subsidies in the world. Water consumption per capita is breaking records, and its primary source, desalination, is particularly energy intensive. Economic and demographic growth has given rise to growing national electricity needs. The region is also experiencing first-hand the impacts of global warming, as evidenced by increasing water stress. The amount of sunlight it receives offers huge potential for solar electricity production and could therefore offer a solution to this increased consumption, although currently the electricity mix is still largely dominated by fossil fuels.
With the climate emergency growing stronger every day, and climate governance calling for countries to increase their nationally determined contributions ahead of COP26 at the end of 2020, how are the oil-producing states of the Middle East contemplating the diversification of their economies and energy systems? Do Saudi Arabia and the UAE, further exposed to strong geopolitical tensions, have realistic ambitions…

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Thinking European toward Russia

This article is the English version of Roman Kuźniar,
« Sur la Russie : penser européen », published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 85, Issue 1, 2020.

Photographie d'arrière-plan par Maximalfocus (Unsplash) représentant le drapeau de l'Union européenne projeté sur un bâtiment ainsi que le drapeau flottant. Au premier plan, couverture du PE 1/2020.

Physicists tend to say that their discipline is a burial ground of misconceived theories. It is quite similar with European countries’ attitude towards Russia. There have been many ideas and good intentions, but most failed. This also pertains to Polish conceptions, of which there have been many. Their failure resulted from the fact that they would usually be situated in the sphere between illusion and wishful thinking. Illusion refers to the assessment of the nature of Russia’s politics, whereas wishful thinking refers to that which could be achieved in politics towards Russia if we live up to the country’s expectations. This was the case for the first two decades after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the reappearance of Russia on the European geopolitical scene.

Breaking the Boko Haram-Nigerian Military Stalemate: Can Supercamps Sustain the Status Quo?

This article is the English version of Jacob Zenn,
« L’armée nigérianne et Boko Haram : les « supercamps » peuvent-ils tenir le statu quo ? », published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 86, Issue 1, 2021.

Photographie d'arrière-plan par  Emmanuel Ikwuegbu (Unsplash) d'un homme tenant le drapeau Nigeria (deux bandes vertes, une blanche au centre). Au premier plan, couverture de PE 1/2021.

Although Boko Haram originated in 1994 and Nigeria’s first confrontations with the group occurred in 2003, Nigeria’s war against Boko Haram began only in 2010. Although military solutions are not imminent, since mid-2019 Nigeria’s army and Boko Haram’s two main factions, Islamic State-loyal Islamic State in West Africa Province (ISWAP) and non-aligned Jamaat Ahlussunnah lid-Dawa wal-Jihad (JASDJ), have reached a military stalemate. This article examines the stalemate in Nigeria’s Borno State and whether it can sustain the current status quo in Borno.

Europe: Power and Finance

This article is the English version of Sylvie Goulard,
« L’Europe, la puissance et la finance », published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 86, Issue 2, 2021.

Photographie d'arrière-plan par Mauro Sbicego (Unsplash) représentant la sculpture du symbole de l'euro en dehors de la Banque centrale européenne de Francfort. Au premier plan, couverture de PE 2/2021.

The world is rapidly changing, and Europe is striving to find its place. In the debates over European sovereignty, the issues frequently revolve around diplomacy, defence and occasionally industrial policy, but only rarely finance. The most noteworthy advance in European construction was undoubtedly the single currency, but the European Union (EU) could make much better use of its strengths in the financial area. It took the global financial crisis for common regulatory rules governing finance to be adopted and for their control to be entrusted to European supervisory authorities. Even today, the domestic financial services market remains fragmented and the euro’s geopolitical role unfulfilled. Yet the strategic nature of the financial stakes is evidenced by several factors.

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